Permission is EISENHOWER ASKS VIETNAM REFORM; In Letter to Saigon Premier, President Links Aid Pledge to Stable Regime There EISENHOWER ASKS VIETNAM REFORM, https://www.nytimes.com/1954/10/25/archives/eisenhower-asks-vietnam-reform-in-letter-to-saigon-premier.html. civilians murdered in Hue City in 1968. several hundred thousand loyal Vietnamese citizens away from areas which are passing under He had returned to consult with JFK about the coup, learned while en route that Kennedy had been killed, and instead briefed LBJ while still in his EOB office (along with Dean Rusk, Robert McNamara, and George Ball). C. protect Western oil interests. 35+ YEARS OF FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACTION, FOIA Advisory Committee Oversight Reports, The Diem Coup After 50 Years John F. Kennedy and South Vietnam, 1963, Kennedy Considered Supporting Coup in South Vietnam, August 1963, The Last Brahmin: Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. and the Making of the Cold War, William Colby and the CIA: The Secret Wars of a Controversial Spymaster, Vietnam: The History of an Unwinnable War, 1945-1975, The Ghosts of Langley: Into the CIA's Heart of Darkness. JFK Papers: Kennedy Tapes, Tape/Conversation 104/A-40/004, Audio recording of President John F. Kennedy conversation with U.S. The National Security Archive is committed to digital accessibility. Kennedy and Lodge discussed the kinds of challenges Lodge was likely to face upon arrival, and how he proposed to deal with the Diem government. and to remember the thousands of Today's posting also features a dramatic handwritten proclamation on November 1, 1963, from the doomed Diem demanding thatthe South Vietnamese Army follow his orders. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1991, p. 212 (hereafter cited as FRUS with page number). While a popular proposal in Washington had been to somehow separate Diem from Nhu, Hughes explained why it would be difficult to achieve that: Diem and Nhu were more inseparable than ever. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. [1] The next day, INR went ahead to craft a paper on The Problem of Nhu (Document 17), where analysts cited South Vietnamese opinions that Nhu had become the dominant power in Saigon, exercising an overriding, immutable influence over Diem.. Primary Source. Ng nh Dim: Giai on cc k gy cn (HNT & TTN) EISENHOWER'S LETTER TO NGO DINH DIEM, October 23, 1954 DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I have been following with great interest the course of Taylor wrote a lengthy report afterwards which argued the generals had little stomach for government and had been neutralized. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1961-1963, v. IV: Vietnam, August-December 1963. This present E-book opens (Document 1) with the record of a July 19, 1963, encounter between CIA Station Chief John Richardson and Diems brother, Ngo Dinh Nhu, who ran many of South Vietnams special services and was increasingly seen as the power behind the presidency. Assassination Records Review Board release, document 177-10001-10466. Nguyn Vn Thiu View Full Article in Timesmachine , See the article in its original context from. Bin Tnh Sng - (Hoi cm ca Trn khc Knh). standards of performance it would be able to maintain in the event such aid were supplied. glad that the United States is able to assist in this humanitarian effort. On the morning of October 24, Don saw Conein at Tan Son Nhut airport. Subscribers may view the full text of this article in its original form through TimesMachine. These lists frequently overlooked Vice President Nguyen Ngoc Tho, who would ordinarily have been Diems constitutional successor. In this letter, President Eisenhower offered South Vietnamese President Diem financial support and encouraged him to make "needed reforms" to broaden his government and make it more representative. Eisenhower asked Kennedy: "Suppose they try to . Diem agreed but believes he should have enough troops of his own to carry out his own defense. Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. [6] Document 18 is the record of Coneins encounter with General Duong Van Minh on October 5. Through September and October, even as Washington sought to make its point by considering evacuation of U.S. nationals, withdrawals of American troops, and halting CIA aid to South Vietnamese Special Forces, President Kennedy tried to understand the situation better. After a September lull, the coup plotters in Saigon began to strengthen in early October. Compare this with Items 9 (audio), 10 and 11 of E-book 302, December 11, 2009. Lodge had an active role in disentangling one of the most important obstacles to the coup when the South Vietnamese were moving into position. Forrestal also commented, without further elaboration, that others had not been privy to the latest Lodge-JFK private communications. The purpose of this offer is to assist ND c c lm Th Tng (HNT & TTN), TT I am glad that the United States is able to assist in this humanitarian effort. The implications of the agreement concerning . Retrieved From http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/vietnam/psources/ps_eisenhower.html / (Original Work published oct. 23 1954). That encounter actually took place at that very time (Document 8). This primary source comes from the Collection DDE-EPRES: Eisenhower, Dwight D.: Papers as President of the United States. TWO LETTERS TO NGO DINH DIEM EISENHOWER'S LETTER TO NGO DINH DIEM October 23, 1954 (Department of State Bulletin, November 15, 1954) Dear Mr. President; I have been following with great interest the course of developments in Vietnam, particularly since the conclusion of the conference at Geneva. Letter from President Such a government would, I hope, HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. aggression through military means. I have been unable to find the claimed McCone quote in any contemporary record. The quote has been used in virtually every account of the Diem coup written since that time. While the forces at the disposal of the coup plotters remained inferior to those commanded by Diem and Nhu, if the U.S. were to back a coup attempt it was important that it was successful. Suite 701, Gelman Library Step-by-step explanation As discussed in the chapter titled "The United States and Vietnam" by Anderson, the letter written by President Dwight Eisenhower to Ngo Dinh Diem on October 23, 1954 provides evidence to support the notion that the United States' link with Vietnam changed through time. Washington, DC, November 1, 2020 President John F. Kennedy was more disposed to support the removal of South Vietnamese President Ngo Dinh Diem in late 1963 than previously appeared to be the case, according to a recently released White House tape and transcript. Seymour Hersh breaks the story of the My Lai killings (1969) Ho Chi Minh on founding the Inodchinese Communist Party (1930) Don was furious that a different, subordinate ARVN officer, talking of a different coup, had been discouraged by U.S. military group commander General Paul D. Harkins, while word of that had reached President Diem. He was an extraordinary character, while he became increasingly difficult in the last few months. Here we present Roger Hilsmans record of that meeting from State Department files (Document 24). Compare this with Document 11 here, and with Items 9 (audio), 10 and 11 in E-book 302. They emphasized, we believe that Vietnam is not faced with any serious shortage of effective non-Communist leadership. Thomas L. Hughes, INRs director, remains proud today of the list his experts assembled in 1963. The implications of the Yale University Press, 2020 Together, these materials offer comprehensive documentation on the Kennedy administrations August coup talk. The coup would take place in a window of late October-early November. Eisenhower made it clear to Diem that U.S. aid to his government during Vietnams hour of trial was contingent upon his assurances of the standards of performance [he] would be able to maintain in the event such aid were supplied. Eisenhower called for land reform and a reduction of government corruption. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. The mention of assassination occurred at a key moment for the U.S. in Saigon. Letters from Eisenhower and Kennedy to Ngo Dinh Diem - The Vietnam Conflict Conscription of Vietnamese peasants for service in World War I (1916) Following that there is a relative lull, then contact picks up again in early October when the coup forces were more potent and prepared to make their final push. The implications of the agreement concerning Vietnam have caused grave concern regarding the future of the country temporarily . While Diem had not yet surrendered, the coup plotters planned to set up a civilian government as soon as the coup was over. a leaflet calling for the people to rise up against the oppressor Diem; A letter to the Vietnamese Army telling them that Diem is just carrying on French colonialism; a 41-page document alleging Diem crimes against the people; and a leaflet that said "For the past eight years our land . Lodge and Kennedy met in the Oval Office on August 15 (Item 2, Document 3). Former Ambassador Frederick Nolting seemed to be the lone dissenting voice, arguing that Diem was the only figure who could hold South Vietnam together. A CIA report on Viet Cong weaknesses and vulnerabilities (July 1965) Today, the National Security Archive is posting for the first time materials from U.S. and Vietnamese archives that open the window into this pivotal event a little bit wider. b cng sn st hi ti Hu. Colonel Robert Heinl: The Collapse of the Armed Forces (1971) If President Diem refused to jettison Nhu, then Diem would have to go as well. Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. met with President John F. Kennedy alone in the Oval Office for his farewell meeting prior to leaving for Vietnam.
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